Natural disasters
7. Turkey
Turkey is often faced with great natural disasters due to the negative nature of its land structure, ground form and meteorological conditions.
Thousands of lives and huge amounts of property are being lost as a result of these disasters.
Taking the geological and geomorphological structure of our country into account, earthquakes are being in the first place.landslides are in the second,floods are the third and the fires are in the fifth place.
7.1 Earthquakes
Number of people lost their lives in Turkey at natural disasters occured in the last 70 years is 100.000,
The Number of DAMAGED HOUSES ARE 600.000
1000 people on average die at earthquakes each year
A lot of people were ınjured….
A lot of people had to immigrate.
Turkey is located in one of the most actively deforming regions in the world
TECTONIC EARTHQUAKES
COLLAPSED EARTHAQUAKES
In easy-melting karstic areas such as rocksalt, gypsum and limestone, large voids form underground over time. Over these gaps, after a while, they collapse.
Collapse earthquakes are small earthquakes occuring in regions of underground caverns and mines
Collapse earthquakes are also produced by massive landsliding.
It is common in the Mediterranean
There are more than 40 caves in Turkey. Sometimes there are collapses and
arising from karstic structures from time to time around Antalya.
7.2 Sinkholes
Water has been taken to the earth for 10 years by underground deep water and irrigation is being done.
The geological structure of the region is highly susceptible to excavation of groundwater.
In recent years, underground waters from global warming have been unable to feed and such gaps have arisen.
While the corn field in Karapınar District of Konya was being harvested, there was a sudden collapse of the ground crust at a depth of 70 meters and a depth of 80 meters. It's thought they're being caused by limestone dissolving underground.there are more than 200 only this area
7.3 Landslides
Landslides are caused by
landslides are seen in three region
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Landslides ESPECIALLY occur in NORTH of Turkey. In a landslide, masses of rock, earth, or debris move down a slope.
Landslides may be small or large, slow or rapid.
7.4 Floods
Due to its complex topographic features
- its proximity to water
-being in a transition zone for different large scale weather circulations systems, variable climatic features appear to be dominant over the country
In our country most of the rivers and large flood plains in the Black Sea region in the valley lived on.
7.5 Fires
The majority of forest fires are caused by people.
Fires also destroy houses and almost anything in its way.
The city spends millions of money to fight them with chemicals, logistics, aircrafts and trucks, time and personnel.
The economic loss can be huge.
Besides, a lot of animals and plants species are in danger
7.6 Erosion
In Turkey, 90% is exposed to water erosion and 1% is exposed to wind erosion. In agricultural soils this ratio is about 75% for water erosion. As a result of erosion in Turkey, 500 million tons of fertile soil are lost annually
The formation of erosion takes place with natural factors,
but the fact that erosion causes irreparable damage occurs when people accelerate these factors.
Wind erosion, another type of erosion, is the erosion and transport phenomenon caused by the wind. he erosion leads to the loss of fertile lands and leads to the formation of fairy chimneys, causing a natural beauty to come to fruition, creating tourism zones and creating a contradiction. Protected column erosion, which is a type of special erosion at the end of many years, causes these occurrences.
7.7 Drought
Lake Tuz is the second most saline lake in the world (32.9% salt), Due to decreasing rainfall and over use of water resources, almost half of the famous salt lake has dried out .7.7 Avalances
Turkey is a mountainous country.besides this there are different causes
_The structure of the land,
_the effect of the sun and
_ the direction of the blows of dominant winds blowing in the region during the period December –March
The majority occur in the mountainous parts of the Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia regions and in some parts of the Black Sea Region
Avalanche events, which are seen almost every year in our country, lead to loss of life and property, closure of roads, damage of natural ecosystems, disconnection of energy and communication lines
7.8 Marine pollution
The sea which is polluted by reasons such as flood waters reaching the sea with waste streams ,sewage water and unawareness of the people constitute a serious threat in term of both human health and the extinction of animal species.
7.9 Air pollution
Sulfurdioxide, nitrogenoxide and carbondioxide
Smog, one of the severe issues